Colostrum: what it is, benefits, how to extract and store it

What is colostrum?

He colostrum This is the first breast milk produced during pregnancy and the first few days after delivery. It is a dense substance, yellowish or golden in color, sometimes even transparent or whitish. Its texture is thick and sticky, unlike the mature milk that will appear from the third to fifth day postpartum.

It is produced in small quantities, between 2 and 20 ml per dose, But that's all a newborn's stomach needs in its first few hours of life. Colostrum is considered the first natural vaccine Thanks to its unique composition, designed to prepare and protect the baby as it adapts to life outside the womb.

Colostrum composition

The value of colostrum lies not in the quantity, but in its quality. It contains:

• Proteins and immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, IgM): strengthen the immune system.

• Growth factors: They help in the maturation of the digestive system.

• Vitamins and minerals (A, E, K, zinc, magnesium): essential for early development.

• Natural prebiotics: They promote the formation of the intestinal microbiota.

• Water: It hydrates the newborn without the need for other liquids.

Each drop of colostrum is a concentrate of defenses and nutrition.

Benefits of colostrum for the newborn

Colostrum performs multiple vital functions:

1. Strengthens the defenses

The immunoglobulins present in colostrum form a protective layer on the intestinal and respiratory mucosa of the baby, acting as a shield against infections at a time when the immune system is still immature.

2. It facilitates digestion

Colostrum is low in fat and very easy to digest, ideal for such a small and developing stomach.

3. Stimulates the elimination of meconium

Its mild laxative effect helps expel the first dark, sticky stools, which also reduces the risk of neonatal jaundice by facilitating the elimination of bilirubin.

4. Protects the immature intestine

It contains growth factors that seal the intestinal mucosa, reducing the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis, especially in premature infants.

5. It provides connection and comfort

Breastfeeding in the first few hours promotes skin-to-skin contact, It regulates body temperature, stabilizes blood glucose, and strengthens the emotional bond between mother and child.

When is colostrum produced?

The body begins to produce colostrum during pregnancy, around the week 16, Although it is not always noticeable. After birth, it remains the baby's main food source among the first 2 to 5 days, until the transition to maturation milk and then to mature milk.

👉 Even if the baby is born prematurely or needs special care, colostrum remains the ideal food.

How to extract colostrum

Colostrum extraction can be helpful:

• During pregnancy (if indicated by the midwife/gynecologist).

• In the first few days after birth, if the baby has difficulty sucking.

• In cases of mother-baby separation (neonatal ICU, complicated cesarean section, prematurity).

Manual extraction (recommended):

1. Wash your hands thoroughly.

2. Gently massage the breast to stimulate descent.

3. Place your thumb on top and your fingers below the areola in a “C” shape.

4. Press gently towards your chest and then forward.

5. Repeat on different points of the areola.

6. Collect the drops in a colostrum collector or a clean container.

👉 The breast pump doesn't always work at this stage because the colostrum is very thick and comes out in small amounts.

When and how to give colostrum to the baby?

• Ideally: directly to the breast, as soon as possible after birth.

• If the baby cannot suck: Administer with a small spoon, cup, or syringe.

• Amount: A few drops are enough, since a newborn's stomach is the size of a cherry at birth.

Colostrum can even be given to premature, sick or underweight babies, where it acts as a true natural medicine.

How to store colostrum

The extracted colostrum can be stored for later use, always following strict hygiene guidelines:

• At room temperature (≤25 °C): up to 4 hours.

• Refrigerator (≤4 °C): up to 48 hours.

• Freezer (-18 °C or less): up to 6 months.

🔖 Advice: Use our colostrum collectors or small storage containers, always labeling with date and time of extraction.

When defrosting, never do it in a microwave or over direct heat: simply place the container under warm water.

Frequently asked questions about colostrum

Do all women produce colostrum?
Yes, although some people see only a few drops and others don't notice them at all. That doesn't mean it doesn't exist: it's always present.

What happens if I don't get enough colostrum?
The baby doesn't need large amounts. A few drops are enough in the first few days.

Can I express colostrum during pregnancy?
Yes, in most cases, although always with professional supervision, since nipple stimulation can cause contractions.

Is colostrum different if the baby is premature?
Yes. In cases of prematurity, colostrum contains even more protein, antibodies, and growth factors to meet the baby's special needs.

Conclusion

Colostrum is much more than a food: it is a unique biological gift loaded with defenses, nutrients and benefits that accompany the baby in its transition to extrauterine life.

Every drop counts. That's why, whether given directly to the breast or expressed and administered in another way, colostrum is the best welcome a newborn can receive.